a.p.j. abdul kalam father was both a boat owner and an imam at a local mosque, while his mother was a housewife. Together, they operated a ferry service for Hindu pilgrims. Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and had one sister. In the 1920s, they lost all their property except their ancestral home. When Kalam was born, his parents were poor, and he had to sell newspapers to help the family. Despite his average school grades, Kalam was known for his hard work and intelligence, especially in math. He never gave up on his dreams, and after finishing school, he graduated in physics from Saint Joseph’s College in 1954.

In 1955, he moved to Madras to study aerospace engineering. While studying, he faced a difficult situation when he fell behind on a project that put his scholarship at risk. Through dedicated work and determination, Kalam met the deadline, impressing the college dean.

As there were only eight positions available in the Indian Air Force, he missed his chance by one spot in the qualifying exam.

a.p.j. Abdul Kalam Career as a scientist

After finishing his studies at the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam started working as a scientist. He began his career at the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). His first project was designing a hovercraft, but he was not fully satisfied with his work.

Later, a.p.j. abdul kalam worked with the famous space scientist Vikram Sarabhai at INCOSPAR. He was then recruited by H. G. S. Murthy, the first Director of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launch Station (TERLS).

In 1969, Kalam started working at the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) as the project director for India’s first satellite launch vehicle (SLV-III). The Rohini satellite was successfully launched into near-earth orbit in July 1980 during this project.

Kalam’s career in space and rocket science began in 1965 when he worked independently on an expandable rocket project at DRDO. In 1969, the government gave him approval to expand the program and involve more engineers.

Personal life of a.p.j. Abdul kalam

a.p.j. abdul kalam was the youngest in a family of five, with an older sister named Asim Zohra and three elder brothers named Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar, Mustafa Kalam, and Kasim Mohammed. He was very close to his brothers and their extended families, and often sent them small amounts of money. Kalam never married and remained a bachelor throughout his life.

Everything I do is me. I don’t like taking ideas from people unless they’re the G.O.A.T.

A Boogie wit da Hoodie

Presidency of a.p.j. Abdul kalam

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, who served as India’s 11th President. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was a highly respected scientist and prominent Indian politician. He was nominated by the NDA for the presidency and received widespread support, including from the Samajwadi Party and the Nationalist Congress Party. After securing a significant electoral vote, he succeeded K. R. Narayanan. His office tenure lasted from 25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007. During his tenure, Kalam focused on education, youth, and scientific research. People knew him for his contributions to science and technology. Kalam said of the announcement of his candidature:

”I am overwhelmed. Everywhere both on the Internet and in other media, I have been asked for a message. I was thinking about what message I could give to the people of the country at this juncture.”

On June 18th, a.p.j. abdul kalam submitted his nomination papers to the Indian Parliament, with the support of then-Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and his senior Cabinet colleagues. Presidential election polling began July 15th, 2002, in Parliament and state assemblies. The outcome of the contest was widely perceived as one-sided, and people considered Kalam’s victory a foregone conclusion.

Kalam’s easy win was confirmed when they announced the election results on July 18th. Kalam took his oath as the 11th President of India on July 25th. He moved into the Rashtrapati Bhavan, the Indian President’s official residence. Before assuming the presidency, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam received the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honor. The other two Bharat Ratna recipients who later became Presidents were Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan in 1954 and Zakir Husain in 1963. Notably, Kalam was the first scientist and bachelor to occupy Rashtrapati Bhavan.

A.P. J. During his presidency of India, people affectionately knew Abdul Kalam as the “People’s President.” However, his presidency was not without controversy and criticism.

1. It was the hardest decision Kalam had taken during his tenure to sign the Office of Profit Bill. Specifically, this bill addressed the issue of government officials holding offices that conflict with their public duties.
2. He was criticized for failing to act on 20 of 21 mercy petitions during his tenure. According to Article 72 of the Indian Constitution, the President can pardon, suspend, or commute the death sentences of convicts on death row. The only mercy plea Kalam acted upon during his five-year term was to reject rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee.
3. One of the most notable cases was the mercy petition of Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri terrorist who was convicted of conspiracy in the December 2001 attack on the Indian Parliament and sentenced to death by the Supreme Court of India in 2004. While his execution was scheduled for October 20, 2006, his mercy plea remained pending.
4. Kalam also controversially imposed President’s Rule in Bihar in 2005. The President’s Rule is imposed when a state government fails to function.

During Kalam’s presidency, these decisions and actions sparked numerous discussions and debates. It reflects the complexity and challenges of the President’s role in Indian politics and law. Despite criticism, he remains respected and beloved. He also had a strong connection with the Indian public.

In September 2003, Dr. a.p.j. abdul kalam expressed support for a uniform civil code in India during an interactive session at PGI Chandigarh. In his opinion, such a code would benefit India’s large population.

Dr. Kalam, who served as India’s President, expressed his willingness to serve for another term at the end of his presidency on June 20, 2007. However, two days later, he changed his mind and decided not to run for re-election. He stated that he did not want to involve the Rashtrapati Bhavan, the official residence of the Indian President, in political processes. Although some political leaders, such as J. Jayalalithaa and Chandrababu Naidu, proposed his name for a second term, he lacked the support of left parties, the Shiv Sena, and UPA constituents, which made it highly unlikely for him to be re-elected for a second term.

During the final months of Pratibha Patil’s presidency, reports suggested that Dr. a.p.j. abdul kalam was considering running for another term. Many people supported his candidacy on social media platforms. Leaders of the BJP stated that they would support Kalam’s nomination only if it was proposed by the Trinamool Congress, the Samajwadi Party, and the Indian National Congress. One month before the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed support for Kalam. However, the Indian National Congress opposed his nomination.

Ultimately, on June 18th, 2012, a.p.j. abdul kalam declined to contest the 2012 presidential election, leaving Mamata Banerjee as his only supporter. He said of his decision not to do so:

Many, many citizens have also expressed the same wish. It only reflects their love and affection for me and the aspirations of the people. I am really overwhelmed by this support. This being their wish, I respect it. I want to thank them for the trust they have in me.

Death

During his visit to Shillong on July 27, 2015, Kalam gave a talk entitled “Creating a Livable Planet Earth” at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. Despite feeling unwell, he was able to make it into the auditorium after taking a short break. During the first five minutes of his speech at 6:35 p.m., he collapsed suddenly.

He was quickly taken to Bethany Hospital in critical condition. Upon arrival at the hospital, he did not have a pulse or any signs of life. Despite being placed in the intensive care unit, a.p.j. abdul kalam was officially declared dead due to a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m.

Notable works

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was a renowned scientist and the 11th President of India. He is well-known for his notable contributions and work, which include:

1. Space and Missile Development: a.p.j. Abdul kalam was instrumental in the development of India’s space and missile technology. He played a key role in creating satellite launch vehicle technology, such as SLV-3 and PSLV, as well as the Agni and Prithvi missiles.
2. Pokhran-II Nuclear Tests: He played a significant role in India’s nuclear weapons tests in 1998, known as “Pokhran-II,” which established India as a nuclear weapons state.
3. Vision 2020:Dr. Kalam authored a book called “India 2020” where he laid out his vision for India to become a developed nation by 2020. The vision focused on economic and technological growth, education, and social development. The book emphasized the importance of achieving these goals to transform India into a thriving and prosperous nation.
4. Wings of Fire: Dr. Kalam’s autobiography, “Wings of Fire,” tells the story of his life. It is a compelling account of his journey from a small town in Tamil Nadu to becoming the President of India. The book details his struggles during childhood and the challenges he faced along the way.
5. Missile Technology and Defense Research: He played a significant role in India’s missile development programs and defense research, which improved the country’s security capabilities.
6. Teaching and Mentorship: Dr. Kalam was a passionate teacher and mentor, inspiring countless students and young minds to pursue careers in science and technology. He advocated for education and motivated the youth to dream big.
7. Presidential Role: Dr. Kalam, who served as the President of India from 2002 to 2007, was affectionately known as the “People’s President” due to his ability to inspire and connect with people from all walks of life during his term.
8. Promoting Science and Innovation: a.p.j. Abdul kalam worked hard to promote science and innovation in India, by encouraging research and development in fields like aeronautics and space technology.
9. Awards and Honors: He was honored with the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, and several international accolades for his contributions to science and humanity.

Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam’s life and work left a lasting impact on India’s scientific and technological progress, and he remains an inspirational figure for generations to come.